Human Rights and Present Human Freedom

Opportunity is an idea that alludes to numerous parts of human life. I accept that is characterized as the capacity that individuals need to do or not something, and do it in a way or another. I likewise accept that is conceivable to comprehend opportunity as that state in which a man isn't being detained or oppressed by another; it is an idea that alludes to all viewpoints identified with freedom. This idea is something that has made us think from numerous points of view, on the grounds that multiple occasions, the do what we need, can take us to an inappropriate way, which may wind up causing us to lose it.Since the start of man to the current human opportunity has assumed a significant job in it yet not how we would have preferred to recall. An incredible model was Egypt; there existed on the banks of the Nile an outrageous measure of slaves that added to the formation of the equivalent. What I mean is that human opportunity has been leaving an imprint solid all through man's pres ence however mistakenly on the grounds that it isn't described by its abundance, unexpectedly, is portrayed by its absence.Slavery isn't an account of the past, the facts demonstrate that it was polished all the more every now and again in it yet even in our occasions can be discovered slaves, this bondage can be acknowledged or not, for the slave. There are a few sorts of opportunity, among which are the opportunity of articulation, that is situated in that each individual has the option to free discourse, this is a correct that I accept that we are no one but ones can make the most of it since we are capable to discover methods of how we need to express.Also, opportunity of feeling that says that we live in a just world so we reserve the option to offer our thoughts, whether or not it is our view and we are allowed to make it known; opportunity of love which depends on that we as a whole originate from a family with strict convictions that we gain from adolescence, and society ins tructs us that there are a lot more religions that we need to acknowledge similarly, and that every individual has the opportunity to pick and shield their beliefs.The opportunity of decision every individual needs to pick uninhibitedly what they need without having anything to stop them doing that and the most recent, opportunity of choice which expresses that every individual is the main capable who can choose what does or doesn't do with his life.As Charles Evans Hughes stated, â€Å"When we lose the option to appear as something else, we lose the benefit to be free†. Opportunity is an instrument twofold edged, intends to do what you need, while not against human instinct; to direct this opportunity there are laws, which are the guidelines from the request is brought into the world so nobody hasâ more opportunity than other, and no one believes that their opportunity is more important than another. It is twofold edged on the grounds that this is a similar snare that ought not get away, and being a runaway opportunity implies being taken prisoner in subjugation, there is his snare, care opportunity makes every one of us detainees of the bondage of be free, however this presents to us the capacity to think, talk, hear and do it unafraid of being punished, rebuffed or exterminated.Any other subjection, donâ't. I accept that opportunity as a rule is the absence of constraint for activity. This has been available for a considerable length of time on the planet, where it has been significant. From my perspective, the best trait of being free is that we generally have the choice last us. We can choose and be allowed to do what we need or what we need it or not oblige.

Caesar Sat on the Dais

Caesar Sat on the Dais Caesar Sat on the Dais Caesar Sat on the Dais By Maeve Maddox The words Caesar and dais are not actually regular words, however when they do show up in stories or news things, they are frequently incorrectly spelled. The issue with Caesar is that the English elocution is/see zer/so the English speaker needs to put the e straightforwardly after the C. I figured out how to spell it when I took secondary school Latin. I enjoyed composing the AE as a digraph (two letters composed as one). My Latin educator didnt mind, however my English instructor despised it. In fact, my affection for the joined AE impacted my appropriation of the name Maeve. The blunder with dais is to switch the vowels. I first experienced dais in quite a while about King Arthur. At each dining experience, Arthur and Guinevere were situated on a daã ¯s. English doesnt for the most part utilize highlights, yet with a couple of words, similar to dais, the diaeresis (two spots over the letter), is a guide to elocution since it tells the peruser that the subsequent vowel starts another syllable: daã ¯s, a stage raised as a rule over the floor of a corridor or huge space to give qualification or conspicuousness to those possessing it coã «val, of the equivalent or equivalent age or vestige naã ¯ve, set apart by effortlessness Boã «thius, creator of Consolation of Philosophy Charlotte Brontã «, creator of Jane Eyre Zoã «, famous female name from Greek, which means nurturing Bettã « Davis (1908-1989), freed lady who made another sort of screen courageous woman. Need to improve your English in a short time a day? Get a membership and begin getting our composing tips and activities every day! Continue learning! Peruse the Spelling classification, check our well known posts, or pick a related post below:12 Signs and Symbols You Should KnowThe Many Forms of the Verb TO BEHow Do You Determine Whether to Use Who or Whom?

What is an RSS Feed and Why Should I Have One for This Blog COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

What is an RSS Feed and Why Should I Have One for This Blog COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog The Internet has become a daily staple for most applicants to SIPA and obtaining pertinent information about our program and available financial aid is something that is best done on a consistent basis. RSS, or Really Simple Syndication, is an easy and convenient way to have news and information delivered to you without having to repeat searches over and over every time you want to look for new news. RSS feeds are most commonly used through either an RSS reader or through a news feed that provides new information to you in the form of email. RSS readers are free and many email providers (such as Google’s Gmail) build RSS readers into their user interface. All you need to do to receive news as it is updated is to add an RSS enabled Web site to your reader. Each time you visit your RSS reader you will be able to see if new information has been posted. There is no need to visit every site over and over to find out if there is new news or updates. You can subscribe to this blog by both email and through your reader. To subscribe by email simply add your email to the FeedBurner subscription box in the right margin near the top of the page. If you are not familiar with RSS technology the following short YouTube video is a great introduction (length of video, 3:44). Direct YouTube link here.

Domestic Violence in the United States Essay example

A seven year-old boy frantically calls 911 as he witnesses his father physically abusing his mother. Tears overflow his eyes as the mother is beaten. The father demands his wife to never leave him, and although she agrees, he continuously beats her, showing dominance and control. The boy drops the phone and backs into a corner while his mother is on the ground and his father is coming at him with a closed fist. This is just one case of domestic violence that affects nearly 32 million Americans, which is over 10% of the United States population. What exactly is domestic violence? Also known as domestic, spousal and child abuse, domestic violence can take many forms, including physical, sexual, emotional, and economic. Regardless of what†¦show more content†¦The majority of sexually abused victims are women but in some cases, older men have been the subject of abuse too. According to the National Coalition Against Domestic Violence, between one-third and one-half of all abused women are raped by their partner during their relationship. Women whose partners abuse them physically and sexually are at a high risk of being seriously injured or killed. Some physical indicators include bruises and bleeding around the genital area, difficulty walking or sitting and sexually transmitted diseases. Person who have low self-esteem and isolate themselves tend to be the subject of emotional/psychological abuse. Psychological abuse is intentional infliction of emotional or mental anguish and humiliation. Physical indicators include significant weight loss or gain and elevated blood pressure. Behavioral depression include sleeping problems, shows signs of depression and confusion, is constantly emotionally upset and socially isolate themselves. Because of the similarities of these indicators, many cannot distinguish the difference between mental abuse and chronic depression. Remember, an abusers goal is to have complete control over the victim and will usually use money to do so. Common abusers are family members who have drug, gambling or financial problems and caregivers. People who are isolated, lonely, mentally and physicallyShow MoreRelatedDomestic Violence : The United States Essay1405 Words   |  6 PagesEvery minute, twenty people are physically abused by an intimate partner in the United States. According to the Natural Coalition of Domestic Violence, after one year more than ten million men and women become a victim of domestic violence. Every year someone new becomes a victim. Every year someone gets physically harmed or even death. Every year someone finds freedom from domestic violence. Domestic violence is an act which one individual purposely harms another, usually someone they are closeRead MoreDomestic Violence in the United States1516 Words   |  7 PagesDomestic violence affects a large amount of relationships in the United States each year. As the times have changed, abuse has become less accepted as a normal occurrence, and society has begun working together to provide awareness towards violence in intimate partner relationships. â€Å"Problems of family violence are potentially the most destructive in our society† (Kurland 23). Domestic violence is a problem that begins in the home, and spreads to affect the world around it. Violence is present inRead MoreDomestic Violence During The United States1174 Words   |  5 Pagesbeen recorded that approximately â€Å"2,000,000 injuries, and 1,300 deaths are caused each year as a result of domestic violence† (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention). This harm to and loss of life is due to the n egligence of all Americans, in regards to the monitoring and managing of domestic violence in the United States. In order to combat the blatant disregard for domestic violence victims, Americans must support, aid, and assist those who fall victim to this crime, as well as educate thoseRead MoreThe Effects Of Domestic Violence On The United States1634 Words   |  7 Pagesevaluate an aspect of my own culture. Additionally, I will also examine an aspect of another culture from an emic perspective, to better comprehend the behaviors, culture systems and beliefs. I will specifically be analyzing the topic of domestic violence in the United States, by examining the leading causes to this major issue, I will not only be able to better comprehend the magnitude of the affects this issue has in women but also the lasting consequences it has on today’s children. On the other handRead MoreThe Effects Of Domestic Violence On The United States1444 Words   |  6 PagesMillion of women in the United States are physically, and emotionally abuse by an intimate partner each year. Domestic violence is a situation that harms and kills most particularly women, children, and families members. As a result, battering of women is one of the foremost causes of injury to women. The growing awareness of how pervasive and destructive this situation is in our society, and the violence that accompanies it, has created a wide variety of programs, shelters, educational endeavorsRead MoreThe Effects Of Domestic Violence On The United States1443 Words   |  6 PagesMillions of women in the United States are physically, and emotionally abused by an intimate partner each year. Domestic violence is a situation that harms and kills most particularly women, children, and families members. As a result, battering of women is one of the foremost causes of injury to women. The growing awareness of how pervasive and destructive this situation is in our society, and the violence that ac companies it, has created a wide variety of programs, shelters, educational endeavorsRead MoreThe Effects Of Domestic Violence On The United States930 Words   |  4 Pagesthroughout the United States. Even though this abuse is evident in all states, some states, such as Kentucky, experiences higher rates of wife abuse than others. As I attempt to uncover an explanation for the high rates of wife abuse in Kentucky, I will discuss wife, or spousal, abuse in Kentucky and across the United States, the various programs offered to battered women in Kentucky, and how cell phones have both positive and negative effects for the victims of abuse. Although Domestic Violence is aRead MoreDomestic Violence During The United States830 Words   |  4 Pages Before reading the first two parts of Til Death Do Us Part I knew that domestic violence was a growing issue in the United states, but it was a surprise to find out that the state that we live in for more than fifteen has been place in the top ten nationally in the rate of women murder by men (Pardue, Smith, Hawes, Hauff, 2014). The first part gave the statics on how many victims were turned away in 2012-2013 from shelters around South Carolina which was a total of 380. The reason why thisRead MoreDomestic Violence in the United States Essay2145 Words   |  9 Pages2009 Introduction The office of domestic violence against women defines domestic violence as pattern of abusive behavior in any relationship that is used by one partner to gain or maintain power and control over another intimate partner. Domestic violence does not just affect the immediate victim but is a widespread problem in the United States. Eighthly five percent of domestic violence victims are women (Domestic Violence Facts, 2007). Results of violence can be health care professionals inRead MoreDomestic Violence : The United States Department Of Justice956 Words   |  4 PagesCurrently in the United States, every one-in-three women and one-in-four men are abused physically by their chosen partner in their lifetime. It is estimated that twenty people per minute are physically affected by their partner; therefore, there are around ten million people every year battered by their partners (â€Å"Statistics† National Coalition Against Domestic Violence). The United States Department of Ju stice defines domestic violence as: â€Å"We define domestic violence as a pattern of abusive behavior

Cyber Security The New Business Priority - 2217 Words

Hacker groups are like the secret agency to most people because they always hide behind their computer and rarely show their accomplishments in public. However, the Anonymous hacker group shows its power to the public by declaring internet war against ISIS, and people finally realized that cyber attack is powerful. In fact, cyber security is always a serious problem in the U.S, but most companies and individuals do not realize the extent of the threat. Many companies lose their confidential files and customers’ information because their cyber securities are too weak. In order to protect company assets, companies should be aware of the importance of cyber security and spend money to build stronger cyber defense for themselves. Summary Of†¦show more content†¦However, when asked if there was an actual IT security strategy in place there was a sharp drop in positive responses. Most executives were confident in their company security, but had no actual strategy to deal with breaches. Executives everywhere were misinformed on the realities of cyber security. According to Loveland and Lobel (2016) states that companies must take proactive steps by identifying sensitive data that requires protection and be aware of risks to the data. Then when security measures are implemented they must be reviewed and tested constantly to keep them up to date to the latest ever-growing cyber security threats. The leading companies of the 21st century are the ones who take cybersecurity with caution. The article, â€Å"Fight or Comply: The Federal Trade Commission s Power to Hold Companies Liable for Data Security Breaches,† is about how companies who do not adequately protect their databases regarding client, customer, and employee information can be held liable by the Federal Trade Commission. Sargent (2016) states the FTC has filed many lawsuits in civil courts to punish and demand companies to spend more time protecting consumers from data breaches. Despite being a regulatory body, there has not been any specific laws holding companies accountable in cyber-attacks. The article states that businesses must take proactive steps to prevent breaches, as well as backup plans in the case a breach occurs. Even

The Geology of Seattle Free Essays

The Geology of Seattle Seattle is located in the state of Washington in the Pacific Northwest. Seattle is metropolitan and has a population of nearly 3. 5 million. We will write a custom essay sample on The Geology of Seattle or any similar topic only for you Order Now Seattle’s climate changes from wet and cold during the winter months to dry and hot during the summer months. The coast of Seattle is responsible for the growth of its economy, due to the large number of commercial ports. Seattle is in the destructive range of several volcanos within Washington, most prominently, Mt. Rainier. Topography Seattle is surrounded by large bodies of water and mountainous terrain. The city itself lies on top of several hills, which include; Capitol Hill, Second Hill, Denny Hill, Beacon Hill, and Queen Anne Hill. From the center of Seattle you can find shoreline to the north, Bainbridge Island to the north-west, The Puget Sound to the west, Vashon Island to the south-west, Tukwila to the south, Renton to the south-east, Lake Mercer to the East, and Lake Forest Park to the north-east. Past the Puget Sound lie the Olympic Mountains. Seattle owes its specific structure due to glacial scouring and deposition and tectonic activity, subsequently modified by landsliding, stream erosion and deposition, and human activity. Geological hazards Seattle is threatened by several geological hazards, such as earthquakes, flooding, volcanos and landslides and shore erosion. Perhaps one of the most prominent hazards to Seattle is the Massive volcano, MT. Rainier, which lies 54 miles southeast of Seattle. MT. Rainier stands at an elevation of 14,411  feet and is very topographically prominent. Rainier is considered one of the world’s most dangerous volcanos. The composition of Rainier is very andesitic and upon it eruption could cause a violent explosion. The glacial ice that sits atop the mountain can also cause massive lahars that could cause major damage to Seattle’s infrastructure as well as its economy. Although MT. Rainier displays no signs of imminent eruption, it has gone through several major eruptions in the past 3000 years. These eruptions include the Twin Creek eruptive episode 1,500 years ago, the Fryingpan Creek eruptive period 1000 year ago, the Electron Mudflow 500 years ago, and several small eruption plumes in the 1800’s which caused black smoke to be seen to the early pioneers of the area. It is projected that the potential damage to Seattle and the surrounding area would be catastrophic if MT. Rainer were to erupt. Geoff Clayton, a geologist working for a company called RH2 Engineering, was asked by Seattle Weekly to estimate the damages to the Settle area. By using a computer program, he reached a conclusion that the result of Mt. Rainer spawning lahars would be a devastating natural disaster. Clayton then quoted that,† Before approaching Seattle, a lahar, he says, would have â€Å"wiped out Enumclaw, Kent, Auburn, and most of Renton, if not all of it. Clayton went on to say that if such a massive lahar could potentially cause tsunamis in Lake Washington and the Puget Sound, effectively flooding the port of Seattle. It is needless to say that if Seattle were to lose its commercial ports, the economic consequences would be dire. Another geological hazard that presents itself in Seattle is the risk of Earthquakes. Seattle lies within the ring of fire and is at r isk of experiencing a crippling earthquake. The Seattle area has experienced several significant earthquakes in the past. The most recent notable quake was in February 28, 2001 when a magnitude 6. 8 earthquake ravaged Pioneer Square. The quake caused significant property damage but no fatalities. More powerful earthquakes have occurred farther in the past. On  January 26, 1700 the area was struck with a staggering 9. 0 magnitude quake, and on December 14, 1872 Seattle was struck again with a 7. 3 magnitude quake. A few more semi-powerful quakes occurred between 1940 to the present day, however, fatalities were minimal. To predict the potential loss cause by another 9. earthquake hitting modern day Seattle, FEMA used â€Å"Hazus† (a computer program used by FEMA) and found that such an earthquake would cause billions of dollars of property damage, thousands of deaths and even more injuries to the population. The aftereffects of the earthquake would be equally devastating. The earthquake would trigger tsunamis form the surrounding water bodies, as well as fires and landslides. Effects such as the se would be devastating and would take decades to repair. Seattle has hundreds of miles of waterfront surrounding the city. With such a large amount of water around the city, flooding is a major concern to the residents of Seattle. Although tidal flooding from the Puget Sound and Lake Washington is a concern, the real threat of flooding comes from the system of undeveloped creeks and river that run through the city. These floods most often occur in the fall and winter due to the increased rainfall. Thornton Creek in northwest Seattle and Longfellow Creek in west Seattle are two creeks that are notorious for flooding during the winter months. Thornton Creek has caused major water damage urban areas that border the creek when it has flooded in 1967 and again in 2003. Another flood of importance occurred in 2006 when record rainfall caused flash floods that swept through the city during rush-hour. Although the floods in the Seattle are wide spread and intense, they cause few deaths. Landslides are another geological hazard that is common to the Seattle area. Landslides in Seattle can be caused by any number of factors, either natural or manmade. Landslides occur in areas that exhibit clay-sand contact or any other adverse soil and groundwater conditions. Seattle has a large database containing many of the landslides it has experienced since the 1800’s. Using this data, the city has compiled a list of areas that are the most prone to landslides, the list is as follows: Northwest Seattle * Burke-Gilman Trail * Inverness * Laurelhurst * Southwest Magnolia * Southwest Queen Anne * East Queen Anne * Northwest Queen Anne * North Capitol Hill * Lakeview Boulevard * Interlaken * Madrona * Rainier Avenue S. E. * West Beacon Hill (I-5) * West Marginal Way * Alki * Admiral Way * Beach Drive S. W. * 47th Avenue S. W. Seola Beach * Pigeon Point * Cheasty Boulevard S. Here is the corresponding map: The most notable series of landslides in recent history occurred in January of 1997. Over 100 landslides were reported throughout the Seattle area within several days and caused hundreds of thousands of dollars in damages. A study showed several factors that contributed to the incident. During the spring of 1997, the Seattle area experienced much more precipitation that usual. A cold spell in the spring caused ice crystals to form and melt in the soil, increasing its porosity. The several day of intense rainfall between late January and early March are what triggered the series subsequent landslides. Geologically economic activities Present day Seattle relies in its ports for economic growth, however, in the 1800’s coal was Seattle’s main export. Coal was discovered in the Seattle area in 1833. The development of the railroads in Washington spurred the growth of the coal market. At the time, locomotives primary fuel was coal, and coal required the use of the railways to be exported. The coal market continued to grow in Seattle. In 1918 Seattle was delivering 4. million tons to California each day. The coal market began to fail when locomotives started switching from coal to petroleum and natural gas. Coal mines began to shut down as the demand for coal diminished until the last active coal mine closed down on November 27, 2006. â€Å"Live-ability of Seattle† At a glance, Seattle seems as good as a place as any to live. However, there a re several factors to consider for anyone looking to take up residence in the Seattle area. To the human perspective, hazardous geological incidents seem too far and few between to see as a threat. If one were to look at all of the geological disasters in the Seattle area on a geological timescale, they would see just how prone to disasters Seattle is. Approximately every five hundred years Seattle experiences a 9. 0 earthquake. Any seismic activity on that scale would also cause tsunamis to devastate the area. Seattle is also under the constant threat of MT. Rainier erupting and spawning a massive lahar that would destroy downtown Seattle. Seasonal floods are a major threat to the residents of the Seattle regardless of the lengths the city has gone to prevent flood damages. All of these geological hazards are especially dangerous due to the fact that Seattle is a large metropolitan area. With all this in mind, I consider Seattle a dangerous place to live. Bibliography * http://www. seattleweekly. com/2005-10-19/news/the-super-flood. php/ * â€Å"Geological Hazards In Seattle† by Donald W. Tubbs and Thomas Dunne * †Landslides In Seattle† by Donald W. Tubbs Prepared in cooperation with United States Geological Survey 1974 * â€Å"Coal In The Puget Sound Region† HistoryLink. org Essay 5158 * http://www. nps. gov/mora/faqs. htm How to cite The Geology of Seattle, Essay examples

Olaudah Equiano Narrative of a Black Slave Essay Sample free essay sample

The slave trade reached its tallness during the 17Thursdaycentury. European powers like England. Spain. and France bought slaves from Africa to work in plantations in the American continent. After slaves were sold to the colonial powers. they were held in ironss. They were placed in the bottom deck of the ship and forced to eat rat. soil. and even decomposing meat. Children were separated from their parents. For the most. grownup slaves were priced higher than kids because of the value of their labour power. Clearly. slaves were considered sub-human entities by the European powers. One West Indian slave. Olaudah Equiano wrote an autobiography detailing his experiences as a slave of the British Royal Navy. When the Seven Years War broke in the Americas. Equiano was assigned in the British Navy as a slave crewman. He was entitled to few properties and rights ( unlike other slaves Equiano was really good –educated ) . We will write a custom essay sample on Olaudah Equiano: Narrative of a Black Slave Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The captain of the ship where he was functioning had the right to sell him to another â€Å"master. † When he was sent to the field to work as a common slave. he asked the male monarch of England ( through a medium ) that he be sent to another captain of the Royal Navy. In a personal missive addressed to the male monarch of England. he detailed the conditions of the slaves in plantations ( he enumerated the conditions of the slaves in the plantations to expose the surpluss of British colonial functionaries and to an extent. elate the on the job conditions of the slaves ) . Here is a citation from Equiano depicting one of the conditions of slaves in the West Indies. â€Å"The Fe muzzle. thumb-screws. A ; c. . are so good known. as non to necessitate a description. and were sometimes applied for the slightest mistakes. I have seen a negro beaten till some of his castanetss were broken. for merely allowing a pot furuncle over. Is it surprising that use like this should drive the hapless animals to desperation. and do them seek a safety in decease from those immoralities which render their lives unbearable? † ( Equiano 34 ) . He said that the slaves were able to make their ain colonies by virtuousness of the jurisprudence ; that is. because slaves were considered sub-humans ( and possessing a different cultural background ) . they should hold their ain â€Å"home† ( racially sarcastic in kernel ) . Hence. note that in the United States today. some communities are preponderantly Afro-american since such communities developed out of colonial b lack colonies. Equiano’s narrative served as the focal point of the abolishment of the slave trade in the United States. Because of the elaborate description of Equiano. several US senators during the presidential term of Lincoln heeded the call of the slaves ; that is. the abolishment of the slave trade. That happened shortly before the terminal of the Civil War. Work Cited African History: The Trans Atlantic Slave Trade. hypertext transfer protocol: //africanhistory. about. com/library/weekly/aa080601a. htm [ February 7. 2007 ] Olaudah Equiano. The Interesting Narrative of the Lifeof Olaudah Equiano. or Gustavus Vassa. the African( London. 1789 ; vol. I ) .

The Constitution and Slavery essays

The Constitution and Slavery essays 1.The Constitution never mentions the word "slave" or "slavery." Whenever the subject arises, other words are used ("such Persons," "other Persons," "Persons held to Service or Labour"). Why do you think the framers avoided these words? The framers of the Constitution avoided the word slave or slavery because they were trying to avoid the divisive nature of the topic in order to obtain ratification. There were already too many issues to resolve and slavery would likely have promoted a breakdown in the negotiations. For starters, the notion of a centralized government threatened some of the former British colonists. Thus, fair representation became an important issue to agree upon and this was worked out through basing the House of Representatives on population and the Senate on a fixed number of members from each state. However, the South was too dependent on slavery to support its agricultural economy and would not be willing to give up the source of labor it needed to support it. With the threat of three southern states leaving the convention if slave trade was banned, the issue was pushed out until 1808. 2.Some 19th century opponents of slavery considered the Constitution a pro-slavery document. Do you agree? Explain. The Constitution was a pro-slavery document. While, some might view the three-fifths clause as a major step forward in recognizing the slave as a person, what it really did was give the South the representation it needed to hold on to the slave trade. With the Souths increased representation in Congress and the electoral college, Southern slave owners won 12 of the first 16 presidential elections. And, the Constitution kept the slave trade legal for twenty years, allowing for an increase in the number of slaves being brought into the country. Further, the fugitive slave clause protected the ability of slave owners to treat the slaves as property by requiring the return of...

Rate of Radioactive Decay Worked Example Problem

Rate of Radioactive Decay Worked Example Problem You can use the equation of the rate of radioactive decay to find how much of an isotope is left after a specified length of time. Here is an example of how to set up and work the problem. Problem 22688Ra, a common isotope of radium, has a half-life of 1620 years. Knowing this, calculate the first order rate constant for the decay of radium-226 and the fraction of a sample of this isotope remaining after 100 years. Solution The rate of radioactive decay is expressed by the relationship: k 0.693/t1/2 where k is the rate and t1/2 is the half-life. Plugging in the half-life given in the problem: k 0.693/1620 years 4.28 x 10-4/year Radioactive decay is a first order rate reaction, so the expression for the rate is: log10 X0/X kt/2.30 where X0 is the quantity of radioactive substance at zero time (when the counting process starts) and X is the quantity remaining after time t. k is the first order rate constant, a characteristic of the isotope that is decaying. Plugging in the values: log10 X0/X (4.28 x 10-4/year)/2.30 x 100 years 0.0186 Taking antilogs: X0/X 1/1.044 0.958 95.8% of the isotope remains

Identify and research a problem caused by a U.S. corporation and then Essay

Identify and research a problem caused by a U.S. corporation and then to convince the audience that something must be done to stop them from doing this - Essay Example Even the crucial and vital concerns like statutory provisions, environmental laws, social norms, business ethics and general well being of the society are more then often compromised by the corporations to achieve their fiscal and marketing targets (Chris 16). Any well informed citizen with reasonable levels of exposure to the print and digital media will conclusively testify to the fact that more then often corporations have been found to be willing to damage the world to make more money. This deliberate willingness to hurt the human values by any individual or institution definitely deserves the concern and intervention of a civil society based on democratic values and ideals. The US based corporations, being a part of a thriving capitalist and democratic society, aught to be held responsible for the breach of statutory provisions and public trust committed by them. However, the primary problem hampering this ideal is the fact that the corporations have over the years, assimilated themselves into the society in a way that does not extend the people with specific rights and mechanisms to facilitate a close scrutiny of their day today operations. The very framework and design of the corporations extends them with the ability and power to side step or sideline the public intervention or interference. Public institutions run by the tax payers' money are constitutionally accountable to the masses and the people do have the power to comment on the validity of the decisions taken by them, though indirectly through the provision of voting and adult franchise. The private corporations tend to differ from the state institutions in the sense that they are not liable to seek the approval and validation of the masses as they are privately funded and managed. Besides the enormous funds and political power that they have at their disposal makes them practically immune to public opinion and concern. Infact such an arrangement stands to be a grave injustice to any free and democratic society. The society can not and should not be denied the right to have a say in the affairs of such big and powerful concerns like private sector corporations.This heavy handedness of the US based MNCs becomes even more unrestrained when it comes to doing business in the third world nations. Not only the statutory and monitoring arrangements in the third world countries are often vulnerable to outside influences and powers, but the rampant corruption in such nations makes it relatively easier for the private corporations to bypass and ignore the public well being, environmental laws and business ethics (Basu 34). Even if their misdeeds and blunders get exposed owing to the media activism, the massive clout and influence that the US corporations enjoy in the federal and state legislatures facilitates them with ample government backing and support, which is sometimes sufficient to snub or scare away the state and private objections and resistance. At the end of the day, the corporations have to prove it to their stockholders that they are making huge profits. This quest for profit motivates and lures the corporations to exploit and manipulate the loopholes existing in the arcane laws and administrative structures in the

Fluid Mechanics 230 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Fluid Mechanics 230 - Essay Example TYPES OF DRAG Form drag This could be described as the frictional force resulting from the shape of a moving object. This drag remains highly dependent on size and shape of objects; hence, the name form drag (Batchelor 2000). Bodies with larger cross-sectional designs experience higher levels of form drag than those presented with sleek design. The shape and size of a body affects the surface area of the object which comes into contact with the fluid. The experienced frictional forces results from contact between the moving object and fluid through which movement occurs. The occurrence of this drag depends on the object shape, large cross-sectional designs offers higher percentage of object contact with fluid, frictional forces inducing higher levels of form drag. Skin friction Skins friction refers to a type of drag resulting from frictional forces existing between the skin of objects and the fluid through which movement occurs. This drag arises from interaction between fluids and o bject surface, and remains dependent on wetted surface area when addressing occurrence within marine vehicles. This frictional force remains directly proportional to the surface area of the object’s skin contacting the fluid. The frictional force also follows the drag equation making it a coefficient of prevailing square of marine vehicle speed. Fluid viscosity, resulting from friction between neighbouring parcels of fluid moving in a different direction, contributes to the occurrence of viscous drag. Viscous drag, consequently, contributes to the development of skin friction within marine vehicles. Interference drag This could be defined as drag caused by flow interference experienced at structural junctions of objects moving within fluids. The experienced interference ultimately contributes to increased pressure upon other parts of the surface contacting fluids, consequently increasing the overall drag effect. While all objects experience certain levels of drag, when moving within fluids, the presence of junctions upon the structure increases the overall drag experienced by objects. Interference drag remains characteristic of objects having transonic flow. Objects moving at high speeds nearing 700 miles per hour commonly experience interference drag related to the travelling speeds nearing those of sound. The surrounding fluid speeds normally affect the occurrence of interference drag. When fluids move in the opposite direction, the resulting speed experienced at the contact increases significantly, and could contribute to the occurrence of interference drag in objects moving at slower speeds. Lift-induced drag This could become defined as drag resulting from the redirection of airflow by moving objects towards a different direction. In moving marine vessels this drag normally results from flowing air inducing a lifting characteristic upon the marine vehicles. Lift-induced drag within marine vehicles occurs on vessels moving on water. Vessels moving u nderwater, like submarines, cannot experience this drag force because it becomes induced through air. Underwater vessels only remain in contact with water. These marine vehicles never come into contact with air as they travel submerged underwater. When vessels travel at increased speeds on water, the influence of air affects the motion through inducing a lifting motion upon marine vessels. The lift normally occurs following substantial changes in speed and direction of flowing wind. While vessels might remain travelling

Evaluating Statements Made By Criminal Profiling Criminology Essay

Evaluating Statements Made By Criminal Profiling Criminology Essay The purpose of this essay is to critically evaluate the statement made by Hicks Sales in their paper on Criminal Profiling: Developing an Effective Science and Practice (2006) that Profilers have a substantial and sustained contribution to make to criminal investigations It is this authors opinion that the field of offender profiling, or criminal personality profiling is, put quite simply, educated guesswork and is not an exact science. However, in many criminal cases, typically those of a violent nature, it has proved useful to the authorities involved by providing a psychological glimpse of, or an insight to, the offender, or criminal mind that committed the offence. Prior to 1986, profiling was not in common usage by police forces in the UK and it was the first offender profile created in the UK by a professor of applied psychology at Surrey University, David Canter, in the case of the Railway Killer, John Duffy, that led to the Association of Chief Police Officers (ACPO) setting up a special committee to discuss the results of the Duffy case. In that case, Professor Canter composed a psychological profile of the killer that was accurate on 13 out of the 17 points he made. This was hailed as a breakthrough in the psychological understanding of criminal behaviour and as a result of the special committee meeting a research project was established, led by Canter, to draw up a proper framework for criminal profiling. (Murder Casebook, 1991, p2681) Offender profiling should be understood to consist of a range of methods used to develop advice for investigators, based on the study of behaviour exhibited in the commission of crime(s) and the drawing of inferences about the offender(s). Association of Chief Police Officers policy on offender profiling from the University of Portsmouth Offender Profiling course handbook, p6 In further accordance with the ACPO guidelines on offender profiling for England Wales, it may be considered useful so long as the profile is treated with caution. This author suggests a created criminal profile should not be used to lead an investigation, but may support lines of enquiry relating to the investigation. As already mentioned, there have been many criminal cases resulting in convictions, in which offender profiling has proven useful as an investigative aid, but it should also be noted that there are some cases where an attempt at psychological profiling has proved more a hindrance to an investigation, either by diverting resources away from capturing the actual criminal or creating avenues of fruitless research. For example Richard Jewell as the US Olympic Park bombing suspect in 1996, and in the UK, again in 1996, the case against Colin Stagg in the Rachel Nickel murder. Both were suspected by law enforcement and subsequently treated badly by the media, as a direct result of offender profiles that had been created. Both Jewell and Stagg later successfully claimed monetary compensation from various media corporations that had cast aspersions on their involvement in the two cases cited. (http://medialibel.org/cases-conflicts/tv/jewell.html) and (http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/2008/aug/13 /law) In the case of Colin Stagg, the use of deception and false pretences and a profile developed by Dr Paul Britton, at the time the head of the Trent Regional Forensic Psychology Service, resulted in evidence presented to the court being dismissed. Britton (1997, p537) himself has written; the notion of a psychological profile being admissible as proof of identity in any circumstances was redolent with considerable danger. Whilst the profile created by Britton may have accurately portrayed the type of person who could have committed this type of crime, it could not be used as evidence in a court of law that this is the person who committed the crime. Ormerod (1996) agrees, and states both that profiles should be treated as opinion and not as statement of fact, also he writes; Profile evidence generates great prejudice for the accused who possessed the stated characteristics, yet it is insufficiently probative to point to the accused as being the guilty man Referring back to Canters first psychological profile, accurate on 13 out of 17 points, again this appears to be an indication that offender profiling is not an exact science as his assertions were 76.47% accurate, certainly a good indicator but not proof beyond reasonable doubt. A scientific experiment should be reproducible, providing the same results regardless of the individual conducting the experiment. With offender profiling, differing results may be induced, or deduced, depending on the education, experience and knowledge of the person creating the profile. The UK Coals to Newcastle (CTN) project (1995), jointly developed by the London Metropolitan Police and the Home Office, aimed to provide operational assistance to law enforcement in the investigation of serious crimes, as well as attempt to develop offender profiling as a science. (Gudjonsson Copson, 1997) The main question asked by the CTN project was that of whether or not that profiling told an investigating officer only what he or she already knew, or if it could provide information that could assist with an investigation. The report did show that of the 184 instances covered by the project, 88 of them were dealt with by only two individuals, an academic psychologist and a clinical psychologist, both of whom had been accredited by the chief police officers committee. (Gudjonsson Copson, 1997). The qualifications held by profilers used by law enforcement tend to be in the fields of psychology and psychiatry, for example Dr Paul Britton specialised in psychopathology and sexual dysfunction and Professor David Canter in applied psychology, later developing the field of investigative psychology. (www.ia-ip.org) So, it is here, that this author feels that proof is presented, that education plays a vital and important role in the development of a profiler, especially if one is to be accredited for use by the police in the UK. Professor David Canter, in his paper on Offender profiling and criminal differentiation (2000), notes that there are some promising results shown in some areas of study and that these results are most likely to be of value to police investigations if the police officers are trained accordingly and that the methods described are utilized during the construction of the systems that can support the decision making process. It was Canters development of the Radex model (2000) that attempted to offer a different approach to classifying criminal behaviour by identifying dominant themes in behaviour rather than oversimplifying criminals into certain types. Figure 1 shows a general model for a radex as applied to criminal actions with, at its centre, actions that may be considered typical of all criminals and moving to the periphery, actions that are more specific. Figure 2 is a representation that attempts to distinguish the different qualities of behavioural science in criminal behaviour. The Radex model proved useful to Hodge (1998) and lent to the conclusion during her analysis of spatial patterns in serial murder that in crimes of extreme violence there is likely to be a substantial level of interpersonal interaction between victim and offender. Source: Canter (2000) Offender profiling and criminal differentiation It was Canter Heritages published study of rape in 1990 that first demonstrated the existence of a radial structure for crime and that using a multi-dimensional scaling (MDS) analysis by correlating the variables collected, they were able to represent these correlations in relation to each other allowing for trends, patterns and a behavioural salient analysis of criminal behaviour. This method of analysis may be described as inductive criminal profiling, in that the information gathered is from limited population samples and is not going to be specifically related to any one single case. Also, inductive profiles can be rather generalised and tend to be averaged from the data. Information is only collected from those offenders that have already been caught and this author notes; from those who agree to interview or answering a prepared questionnaire and those captured offenders that are actually capable of doing so. This would seem to indicate that there is going to be a possibility that those individuals with either no speech or understanding and certain social dysfunctional disorders may have difficulty comprehending the nature of the questioning and would therefore be unable to provide reliable answers. Also, there must be some consideration to the fact that they may not actually tell the truth. In addition, the most skilful and perhaps, most intelligent criminals that avoid being caught are not going to be included in the data set. As a result, information could be missing from the criminal profile. (Turvey, 2001) In contrast to inductive profiling, deductive offender profiling relies on the examination of scenes of crime, forensic evidence as well as behavioural motivation for criminal behaviour in relation to a single crime. This is the source for the many successful drama and crime shows on television and film, including Cracker, the CSI series, Criminal Minds and Silence of the Lambs, where, on TV, they usually solve the crime within the hour. This could possibly lead to a false impression in the public eye of just how effective and fast paced offender profiling really is. Deductive profiling takes time and relies on several aspects when the profile is created, such as the offenders emotional state during the offense, patterns of behaviour and personality characteristics at the crime scene as well as a study into the choice of the offenders victim, known as victimology. (Kocsis, 2006) In 1973, Howard Teten, Pat Mullany and Robert Ressler of the FBI used the then new criminal investigative analysis techniques to create a profile of a white, young, male, peeping tom with sexual and homicidal tendencies that led directly to the arrest of David Meirhofer for the abduction and murder of a seven year old girl. The 1978 FBI profile of the so-called Vampire of Sacramento, Richard Chase, was created following a study of the disorder of the crime scene, body type and mental temperament and concluded that the offender was disorganized, hed be unemployed, live alone, would be ethnically white, thin, undernourished and his mid-twenties. (Lerner Lerner, 2006) Deductive reasoning is useful in establishing a Modus Operandi (MO) and the signature of a particular criminal. Geberth (1996) defined both the MO and signature as being a dynamic method of operation that changes over time as the offender becomes more experienced and that the significant personal identifiers can distingui sh the nature of the offenders crime scenes and methodology respectively. The classification of offenders as being either organised or disorganised (Ressler et al, 1995) has been debated and Turvey (2001) dismisses this dichotomy of organised versus disorganised for several reasons, including that of psychopathy being a complex personality disorder and should not be assumed simply by the lack of psychotic behaviour or evidence. A disorganised crime scene could be the result of non-psychotic events, such as those created in domestic violence, anger-retaliatory offences, those that involve the use of controlled substances and those scenes that have been changed by the offender for the purpose of staging a crime or possibly as an anti-forensics exercise. Turvey further states that this false dichotomy as he describes it, does not take into account the fact that an offender may learn from their mistakes and/or successes and subsequently may develop and modify their criminal behaviour with experience. The 2004 study by Canter, Alison, Alison and Wentnik of serial killer behaviour through secondary sources showed that most offenders will exhibit, and the crime scene may reveal, a mix of both organised and disorganised characteristics. For example, whilst an attack may initially start as a premeditated organised assault, if it deteriorates or an unexpected event occurs, such as the inability to control a victim, it may lead to an escalation in the level of violence. It is also noted that Canter et al proposed the offenders emotional state, victim resistance and the fact that more than one offender is involved may create a different emergent patterns. The Behavioural Analysis Unit (BAU) of the American Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) is the result of the initial development by Howard Teten and Pat Mullany in 1969 to try and explain the actions and behavioural characteristics of violent offenders. Robert Ressler, who invented the term serial killer (Murder Casebook, p4311) was responsible for founding the National Center for Analysis of Violent Crime (NCAVC) and it is within this section of the FBI that the BAU is a component. Whilst popularised in the media, and specifically the current American CBS TV series, Criminal Minds, it is noted that, despite their appearance on TV and in film, there is no position with the title of Profiler within the FBI. (www.fbijobs.gov/114.asp) The FBI utilises this deductive style of profiling and appears to rely less on clinical psychology methodology than perhaps the British profilers do and has over time created a considerable knowledge base that is used to assist Federal, state, local and international law enforcement agencies. According to former FBI Special Agent Gregg McCrary, and contributing author to the Crime Classification Manual (1992), the FBI methodology is based upon investigators trying to collect information about the offender including the what was the antecedent, or trigger, for the events that took place, the method and manner of the victim and attack, information relating to the disposal, or not, of the victim as well as post-offence behaviour, such as being close to the investigation and contacting investigators or attempting to inject themselves in to proceedings. The FBI methodology for profiling violent crime is a four stage process beginning with the collection of data at the scene, forensic anal ysis and also coroner, autopsy and witness reports. Next, the methodology involves classifying and then reconstructing the crime through experienced observations about the MO, signature and motivation for the offence. This will include trying to ascertain why the offender chose this particular victim on this particular day, why they used the tools they did and also the whether the motivation for the crime was that of power reassurance or assertiveness or anger in a retaliatory or excitational way. That is to say, the observations raised will look to answer whether the offender could be a serial psychosexual sadistic killer or if the crime was one of passion or revenge. The final stage of the FBI methodology is that of creating the profile and this may well involve demographic information, educational background and intellectual functioning, family and personality characteristics, legal and arrest history, habits and social interests as well as any evidence in relation to the actual scene of the crime. (Shalev, 2010) Offender profiling and crime analysis can also be aided by profiling the geography of an area in which a crime was committed. Research by Holmes Holmes (2002) attempted to define crime scene locations as being either an encounter site, an attack site, a crime site or a victim and vehicle disposal site. This, when combined with information previously gathered, may give clues as to the residence of an offender and assist with creating the overall criminal profile. Rossmo (2000) had earlier defined geographic profiling as a methodology that can be used to identify locations connected to a series of crimes that may determine the most likely area of residence for an offender. In conclusion, the author would like to return to the assertion made at the beginning of this essay, that offender profiling is educated guesswork. It has been shown through this essay that education, as well as experience, or life education, plays a vital role when considering all aspects of creating a profile for the purposes of aiding a criminal investigation. Whether this education is that of a clinical, research or field based experience, it can bring with it valuable knowledge that can assist an investigation. Copson (1995) and Gudjonsson Copson (1997) asked respondents whether they thought that the advice supplied by profilers proved to operationally useful and 82.6% replied that it was. Although, when asked if the advice opened new lines of enquiry, 82.1% replied that it did not and only in 2.7% of cases did the profile lead to the actual identification of the offender. The author also stated that offender profiling is not an exact science and this has been demonstrated from Canters first profile being accurate to around 76% through to the Association of Chief Police Officers guidelines that offender profiling should be treated with caution and should be considered as one of many tools that can provide advice and lines of inquiry for the investigative team to follow. So, if offender profiling, as it is commonly known, is not an exact science, could it be that this field of study is an art form? If it is considered an art, then as Pablo Picasso said, Art is the elimination of the unnecessary. Perhaps there is a parallel that can be drawn between that statement from the famous artist and the subject of criminal profiling, in that, through being able to eliminate certain aspects of an offenders personality and behaviour and consider the alternatives, useful information may present itself. Therefore, it is this authors opinion that profilers will continue to make valid and sustained contributions to criminal investigations, whether it is substantial will very much depend upon the profiler tasked with the job and the type of offence committed.

Abortion Essay

Lucinda Seongbae Eng : Persuasive essay on abortion Prof. Fitzgerald A Positive View on Pro Abortion Abortion has been a controversy for many years and viewed in many different perspectives. Some individuals see it from a very positive point when this is being caused by the nature of the woman’s health, the age and others. It may also be seen as a way of getting rid of an unwanted or accidental pregnancy for reasons that are positive and beneficial for most women. According to feminist perspectives on reproduction and the family, in some cases abortion can be a positive act depending on the cause. For instance, in the case of a rape, health reasons or in the case of having an unwanted child for reasons of age, marital status, and economical reasons abortion is a potent tool to undo some mistakes. However, whichever ways it is perceived abortion gives a woman the right to choose and should not be viewed as a negative act but instead can be seen as a positive act in most circumstances. Based on the many positive reasons for abortion, abortion should be supported. Concerning the woman’s health an abortion can be performed when the woman cannot hold the fetus for health reasons. For example a woman who has AIDs and the fetus infected already can obtain an abortion because there is no life for the baby. Also a woman who has cancer at an advanced stage cannot keep a child in her womb or she will risk dying at birth. In the case of some diseases, kidney disease, severe hypertension, sickle-cell anemia, severe diabetes, etc that can be life threatening, an abortion often helps to avoid serious medical complications from childbirth. This also brings emphasis to Roe V. Wade (1973), which granted women the right to terminate an unwanted pregnancy, based on an implicit fundamental right to privacy and argued that it must be weighed against competing state interests in maternal safety and the protection of prenatal life; it protected this right during the first trimester of pregnancy (Thompson, 50). At this juncture the person has very good justifications of her action and is considered a positive act on her part. Another positive issue concerning abortion is a situation where girls below fifteen years are pregnant. In such situation abortion is possible because the girls are too young for child bearing. Also in situations where very young girls have little or no health facilities to ensure safe delivery, such as in developing countries, abortion is the only possible answer in order to avoid some major complication. According to researcher Mayor, complications from pregnancy and childbirth are the leading cause of death in young women aged fifteen to nineteen in developing countries. An estimated 70,000 adolescent mothers die each year because they have children before they are physically ready for parenthood, and more than 90% of these births are in developing countries the report says (www. bmjjournals. com). In this case, if a girl of these ages chooses to get an abortion to avoid complications of childbirth and/or death she is only making a positive decision for her life. According to those against abortion or those who perceive abortion as a negative act, one would argue that since life begins at conception, abortion is akin to murder as it is the act of taking human life. Abortion is in direct defiance of the commonly accepted idea of the sanctity of human life. In contrary, most abortions take place in the first trimester, when a fetus cannot exist independent of the mother. As it is attached by the placenta and umbilical cord, its health is dependent on her health, and cannot be regarded as a separate entity as it cannot exist outside her womb. Therefore, in this case abortion cannot be considered murder. According to Thomson (1971), â€Å"if women have rights over their own bodies, then they have rights not to have their bodies used by others against their will† (Thompson, 35-65). Therefore, even if it is argued that the fetus is a human life, the state has no right to force someone to donate use of their body to another person, even if that person is in extreme need. Another may argue that those who choose abortions are often minors or young women with insufficient life experience to understand fully what they are doing. Many have lifelong regrets afterwards. In defense to that, teenagers who become mothers have grim prospects for the future. They are much more likely to leave school; receive inadequate prenatal care; rely on public ssistance to raise a child; develop health problems; or end up divorced. Teenage births are associated with lower annual income for the mother. According to researcher Stanley, eighty percent of teen mothers must rely on welfare at some point. Teenage mothers are more likely to drop out of school. Only about one-third of teen mothers obtain a high school diploma. Teenage pregnancies are associated with increased rates of alcohol a nd substance abuse, and lower educational level (www. womenshealthchannel. com/teenpregnacy. index). In the modern world, abortions have become a norm of life and should not be looked upon as a negative act but an act of making a positive decision to undo some mistakes in life. Though women have been endowed with the gift of bearing a life form, an abortion gives them the option of whether they want to keep the present or not. However, an abortion should not be misunderstood for a convenience, as it does have its own advantages and disadvantages. The bigger picture that is being stressed is bodily integrity and self-ownership.

The Run Down on Custom Essay Revealed

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Individual Economic Opportunity, Social Equality And...

Individual Economic Opportunity, Social Equality and Political Democracy in the 19th Century Name: Institution: Individual Economic Opportunity, Social Equality and Political Democracy in the 19th Century Introduction Between 1865 and 1900, many people looked at United States as a country where individual economic opportunities, social equality and political democracy reigned supreme. One cannot say that this people were entirely right or wrong. To some extent, they were right by from different perspectives, the same cannot be said. However, one thing that is for sure is the economic opportunities that were available during this period. All the three aspects, individual economic opportunities, social equality and political democracy were present, although not to everyone. Individual Economic Opportunity On the other hand, not the same can be said about economic status and opportunities. During this period immediately after the civil war, the country started on a tremendous growth led by the railway industry. It was a period also referred to as the railroad boom just like the 1990 was referred to as the computer boom. The railway construction was aided by the governments in terms of funds as well as through land grants to the rail companies. The government funded about half of the finances for construction, which accelerated the construction. This created many economic opportunities for Americans, who could work in these constructions including AfricanShow MoreRelatedAristotle, Joseph Schumpeter, Milton Friedman, And John Rawls1230 Words   |  5 Pagesconcept of equality is multi-faceted and widely debated among scholars. While there is no singular definition for equality, equality deals with the distribution of some â€Å"thing† in a specific domain. For this paper, equality will be narrowed down to the domains of economic and political. 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Democracy is the branch of politics that has to do with the organisation of society through the collectively binding decision-making of the entire population. Liberalism on the other hand is a philosophy of politics that has to do with the freedom of control and interference from a governmental organisation. The values of equality in liberalism and democracy are twoRead More Constructing and Reconstructing Essay1291 Words   |  6 Pages1. Woody Holton reveals the motives of the Founding Fathers depend widely on individual judgment of the terms under the Articles of Confederation. Holton claims that historians excessively rely on sources by the Federalist which revea ls a prejudiced Federalist view (Hollitz, 110). Woody Holton uses the writings of James Madison and Alexander Hamilton to expose the Founding Fathers deeper motives in writing the Constitution. The Founding Fathers were frustrated because state legislatures had beenRead MoreThe s Criteria Of Voting Equality And Effective Participation1400 Words   |  6 PagesStates of America is one of the oldest contemporary democracies, is currently the second largest democracy, and is ranked the 16th best democracy in the world (Campbell et. Al, 2014). Yet there is a legitimate question over whether or not the United States can still truly be considered a democracy, with some studies even suggesting it has begun to resemble an oligarchy (Chumley, 2014). In this essay, I will use Dahl’s criteria of voting equality and effective participation to determine whether or